How does a lower pH level affect the activity of a peel?

A lower pH level increases the activity of a chemical peel because the effectiveness of these treatments typically hinges on their acidity. Peels are formulated with acids, such as alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) or beta-hydroxy acids (BHAs), which are more potent at lower pH levels. When the pH is lowered, the hydrogen ion concentration increases, enhancing the acid's ability to exfoliate and penetrate the skin.

In essence, the more acidic the solution, the more aggressive the peel will be in breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells, which promotes cellular turnover and can lead to improved skin texture and tone. This is particularly relevant for treating various skin concerns such as hyperpigmentation, acne scars, and signs of aging. Therefore, acknowledging how pH influences peel activity is essential for estheticians to deliver effective treatments tailored to their clients' skin needs.