Which of the following is defined as any sort of mechanically or manual manipulation of soft tissue?

The correct answer is massage, which encompasses any form of mechanical or manual manipulation of soft tissue. This broad definition includes various techniques and movements that can be applied to the body, aimed at promoting relaxation, improving circulation, alleviating discomfort, and enhancing overall wellbeing.

Massage can involve a range of methods and techniques, including effleurage and friction, which are more specific forms of massage. Effleurage typically refers to long, sweeping strokes used to warm up the tissue, while friction involves deeper, more intense movements that focus on muscle knots and tension. Cupping, on the other hand, is a technique that uses suction cups on the skin and does not fall under the general definition of massage as it does not involve direct manual manipulation by the therapist.

Understanding that massage is a comprehensive term allows estheticians to effectively communicate with clients and apply appropriate techniques tailored to their needs. It also sets the foundation for learning about different forms of therapeutic bodywork that exist within the discipline.